Python Numbers

Data Types Focus

Python Numbers

Integers, floats, complex, Decimal, and Fraction give you the range to model everything from counters to currency.

Choose the right numeric typeHandle precision carefully

Numeric types

Type	Description	Example
int	Arbitrary precision integer	42
float	IEEE 754 double precision	3.1415
complex	Real + imaginary parts	1 + 2j
decimal.Decimal	Base-10 with exact precision	Decimal("0.10")
fractions.Fraction	Rational numbers	Fraction(1, 3)

Precision

0.1 + 0.2 == 0.30000000000000004

• Floats can't represent some decimals exactly.
• Use Decimal for money and Fraction for rational arithmetic.

Useful modules

import math
math.sqrt(2)
math.isclose(a, b)

import statistics
statistics.mean(values)

Next up in your learning path

Practice arithmetic

Combine numeric types with operators.

Companion

Use type casting

Convert strings to numbers carefully.

Reference

Explore Decimal deeply

Set contexts, rounding modes, and precision.

Advanced